Subnet Calculator
Calculate IPv4 subnet information including network address, broadcast address, usable hosts, and subnet masks. Supports CIDR notation with binary representation toggle.
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How to Use
- 1 Enter an IP address — type any valid IPv4 address (e.g., 192.168.1.1).
- 2 Set the CIDR prefix — use the slider or input to set the prefix length (0-32).
- 3 Use presets — click preset buttons for common subnet sizes.
- 4 View results — see network, broadcast, hosts, masks, and classification.
- 5 Toggle binary — enable "Show Binary" for bit-level visualization.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a subnet?
A subnet (subnetwork) is a logical subdivision of an IP network. Subnetting allows network administrators to divide a single network into smaller, more manageable segments, improving security, performance, and organization of network resources.
What is CIDR notation?
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation is a compact way to represent an IP address and its subnet mask. It uses a slash followed by a number (e.g., /24) indicating how many bits of the address are used for the network portion. /24 means the first 24 bits are the network address.
What is the difference between network and broadcast addresses?
The network address is the first IP in a subnet and identifies the network itself (all host bits are 0). The broadcast address is the last IP in a subnet used to send data to all hosts on that network (all host bits are 1). Neither can be assigned to hosts.
What are private IP ranges?
Private IP ranges are reserved for internal networks and cannot be routed on the public internet. They are: 10.0.0.0/8 (Class A), 172.16.0.0/12 (Class B), and 192.168.0.0/16 (Class C). These allow organizations to use the same addresses internally without conflicts.